But since the adware distribution vector resembles that of a Trojan, it can cause confusion. Also, they do not conceal themselves as Trojans do. Such adware bundlers are typically less malicious than Trojans. The program authors usually include the adware for marketing affiliate reasons so they can monetize their installer with offers-usually clearly labeled.

You think you’re downloading one piece of software, but it’s really two or three. For example, sometimes adware sneaks onto your computer as part of a bundle of software. Keep in mind that adware or PUPs (potentially unwanted programs) can be confused with Trojans because the delivery method is similar. Put another way, a Trojan is a delivery strategy that hackers use to deliver any number of threats, from ransomware that immediately demands money, to spyware that conceals itself while it steals valuable information like personal and financial data. Depending on the criminal programmer’s intent, a Trojan can be like a Swiss Army knife of hacking-acting as a bit of standalone malware, or as a tool for other activities, such as delivering future payloads, communicating with the hacker at a later time, or opening up the system to attacks just as the Greek soldiers did from inside the Trojan fortress. Think of Trojans as an umbrella term for malware delivery, because there are various kinds of Trojans. 'A Trojan can be like a Swiss Army knife of hacking.' Worms have also become rare, though they do pop up from time to time.

Most viruses are now seen as legacy threats. Worms are a type of malware similar to viruses, but they don’t need to be attached to another program in order to spread. A virus is a file infector which can self-replicate and spread by attaching itself to another program. People sometimes think of a Trojan as a virus or a worm, but it is really neither. While technically they are not computer viruses but rather a separate form of malware, 'Trojan horse virus' has become a common way to refer to them. Like its namesake, Trojan horse attacks (or simply “Trojans”) in computing are defined as a type of malware that use deception and social engineering to trick unsuspecting users into running seemingly benign computer programs that hide malicious ulterior motives. Drunk on victory, the Trojans bring the horse inside their walls, only to discover Odysseus and his men were hidden inside the whole time. Trojan soldiers watch as the Greeks appear to sail away, leaving behind a giant wooden horse as a token of surrender. Instead of destroying or climbing the city’s walls, Odysseus sees another way in: with deception.

Beware of Greeks bearing gifts: In Virgil’s epic poem, The Aeneid, a clever Greek war strategist named Odysseus devises a plan to get his men inside the walled city of Troy.

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